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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Spruce-fir forests ： ウィキペディア英語版 Spruce-fir forests Fir and spruce forests are greatly affected by slight fluctuations in climate. Temperature is the primary determinate for spatial patterns of fir and spruce.〔Iverson, Louis and Prasad. “Potential Changes in Tree Species Richness and Forest Community Types following Climate Change.” 2001. Ecosystems 4: 186-199. 20 October 2001.〕 The two dominant trees in this type of forest are ''Picea engelmannii'' (Engelmann spruce) and ''Abies lasiocarpa'' (subalpine fir).〔Aplet, Gregory H. “Developmental Dynamics of Engelmann Spruce-Subalpine Fir Forests of the Colorado Front Range.” 1987. Colorado State University Dissertation: 18 November 1987.〕 Although thick-barked trees, such as the ''Pinus resinosa'', frequently survive fire, the thin bark of spruce make them more vulnerable.〔Ryan, Kevin C. “Dynamic Interactions between Forest Structure and Fire Behavior in Boreal Ecosystems.” 2002. Sylva Fennica 36(1): 13-39. 8 March 2002.〕 Trees such as the Douglas fir withstand much of the fire due to the thicker bark they have.〔Renkin, Roy A. and Despain. “Fuel moisture, forest type, and lightning-caused fire in Yellowstone National Park.” 1992. NRC Canada: 22(1): 37–45. 12 March 2007.〕 The scale of the burn mosaic during a fire, relative to species niche requirements and mobility, can have major impacts on flora and fauna dynamics.〔Ryan, Kevin C. “Dynamic Interactions between Forest Structure and Fire Behavior in Boreal Ecosystems.” 2002. Sylva Fennica 36(1): 13-39. 8 March 2002.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Spruce-fir forests」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.